COGNITIVE LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT

Prof. Dr. Mario Carabajal - Ph.D.
Professor of Post-Graduate of the discipline of cognitive development and learning.
Gama Filho University / Idaam

Another author of the book available to read in full: Statement psychopedagogic - Theory and Practice

Paper: Cognitive DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING

Maturation Neuropsychological

When born, hundreds of billions of Neurons are already available on cognitive processes essential to be in relationships with the media. These Neurons, in the first years of life, part connections, psicomaturacionas networks, allowing the nerve cells send and receive signals. This is possible because the Synapse, directly responsible for the transmission of information between different cells. Quickly, the hundred billion nerve cells, Neurons, are hundreds of trillions of synaptic connections. They are the synaptic grids psicomaturacionais, linking points more distant and tuned the entire neuronal system.

In the first phase, has been found in profusion Synapse, distributed evenly. The synchronicity, increasingly, is improved. External stimuli trigger reactions in joint efforts of Neurons. The more Reinforce the stimuli, the greater becomes originally formed synaptic connections, and greater will be its duration. The processes of learning to promote brain plasticity. This is to say, that the processes of learning determines the shape and interconnections in synaptic networks, modeling the paths of the brain. The most traveled themselves and grow, while those in disuse, are weakened, and depending on the level of inactivity, could dissolve.

For each new learning form new networks to be connected, alternating up and expansion in number of connections.
The first syllables, words and phrases, demonstrations are directly related to the cognitive equivalent and endless numbers of network connections of nerve cells.

The development and expansion of networks neuromaturacionais, are directly responsible for increasing the capacity cognitva. Cognitive abilities are dependent on the expansion and consolidation neuromaturacional.
Similarly internally the evidence if the Interdependence cognition / neuromaturação, also in the teaching learning process you can connect didactic / Neuroscience.

The larger and deeper is the knowledge of organic processes, and between the neurological, physiological and psychological of being more accurate and comprehensive approach is the didactic-pedagogic, facilitating and Undoing the obstacles to the seizure of knowledge. The more science involved with the education, devoting her attention and strategies, particularly the process teaching / learning, more easily take the nets for dissemination of knowledge. The seller who knows his customer, will ease the delivery of its products and services.

Similarly, teachers who know the depths of being, with all the complexities that involves, greater ease and success have a choice, adaptation and provision of content to offer in growth and development of the learner. The technique, the teaching and resources to be used, will be more customized to the extent that we know more about our students.

To deepen the knowledge base neurocientificas of human development and learning, elementare found that:
- Further strengthening, more ways to cognition are formed;
- Strengthening the lower, weak and become the fragile pathways to cognition;
- The greater the variety of stimuli and cognition, greater facilities for internalization, or training and expansion of networks and synaptic extended memory.
- Increased the variety and stimuli, the more increase and expand the foundations neuromaturacionais to cognition. Being around the lack of variety of stimuli.

These basic premises, Reinforce the need to be offering training to be on the largest possible number of experiments to develop the networks neuromaturacionais, bases its full potential for learning.

The synaptic networks expand not only to the extent that they are bombarded by new information. There is also, through spontaneous maturational process. However, if not encouraged, to remain a bank account with zero balance, and the time passes without movement, will be closed. To reopen it, need an entire extra effort. Above all, capital (ideas, thoughts, experiences, challenges, knowledge ...) to keep it active and functioning. Quickly with its handling, extra credits are offered, new linkages are formed, by increasing its director.

In our research, the synaptic networks are up, from birth to old age. Trillion are the connections, but for the academic purpose, defined in the Eleven GRS (Great synaptic networks). The constant interaction with the outside world is based on the full development of a healthy brain, also dependent on nutrition and general health conditions.
Imperiosidade enhance the stimulation and variety in the initial years of being the ideal neuromaturação on cognitive processes of excellence for the development of a full brain active in all its complexity. This occurred within a vision of Normality, the extent to which the larger number of Synapse are stimulated.

The basic structures of the brain and the entire organic system, birth, have the genetic contribution. It is the family, school and state, providing extra stimulus to expansion and enrichment of elementary systems. Since the investigation of tactile sensitivity, vision, hearing and psychomotor skills, the ingenious technological systems and their fields. The Cognitive Abilities, skills and relational ways, are dependent on external stimuli for its development.

The higher the incentives and the means to more varied range of experiences by being in training, greater will be its collection problem solving and understanding the new possibilities. Still, higher will be its alternative rearranjacionais adaptation of variables and the definition, scope and definition of goals.

Idealist, pedagogy avoids the direction of learning, but only the development of potential in the form of investigation skills intrinsic to the functional basis to be approximately the ten years. However, scientifically, there is a need for a new look curriculum. Especially in the initial series. This, the premise of finding itself in that range, 3 to 10 years, the largest facilities stimulated the expansion of synaptic networks. These, as well consciously engaged in Directing, provide the possibility of neural Ballast for greater support for subsequent connections, systemic and didactically graded by the continuous supply of new knowledge.

If we are able to offer the ideal socially agreed to our creations, under the claim that they are not prepared or are unable, or even not to burden them, the world through TV, radio and friends, imposes, without the appropriate and consistent replica , Its laws and values.

All stimuli that reach the brain, are encoded, gain weight and value. Pass the pulsar, have latency, reveal themselves in the quantum of stress. His thresholds paradigmatics follow the proportional degree of certainty the assertion of proportionality in its conceptualization of his correlational to experience validation. The same occurred in the acquisition conceptual rejected.

If the court reverse the trial is conceptual practice, sign will be the second under the action of the object, the reaction on the physical senses, the neural plasticity Axio-catéxica. The concept Merely expressed loses significance in the trial of experience, and thus rejected. Keeping up just in idealistic terms of transforming or be reconstructive and societies, its paradigms and future. In this regard, even in the form natural resistance clash between beings with their realities. However, supported by other realities of his comments.

The whole object or concept, to be outside, has a value axiological internalized in the form of corresponding value catéxico that, according to the variables of time of its Codification. The Neurons associations, will have that code, under those assumptions and correlate the original pair or confront, with the future concepts, new or expansion.
The all new information, the neural bases will be consulted, and the answers will be the second deflagradas the thresholds of tension evoked by the original Foundations of correspondence or disagreements with the excitatory stimulation of confrontation. This confrontation occurs in the cortex. The signals coming from other regions (from overseas) are received and analyzed by him over their entire length before the response.

That assertion was originally neuroconsciente Reinforce the database, brain, the children in their early years, facilitating their autonomy in neuronal development under the strong Foundations and awareness resulting from a mature society to EDUCATE scientifically. That is the theory. Almost immature.

The limbic system, responsible for memory, easily encode all impressions resulting from external resources. Codes and codes are more catexizados in the first months and years of life.

The pre-existence of data catexizados, facilitate on a range of knowledge, his paradigmaximização. The higher the basis, will be its greatest possibilities.

Simplify the process of neuro-learning is so feeds back; - the cognitive links through synaptic networks, has expanded and improved the more information is received about a particular segment of knowledge, showing more respect to the extent that more details receiver.

In experiment with mice, we observed that those with greater contact with objects such as balls, slides ... have increased synaptic their networks to those of poor experiences. Also, in Germany, Magdeburg - Research Center of Learning and Memory, noted the increase in self-gratified the neurotransmitter dopamine, where the rodent could properly perform an action in the form of the task. This has been observed in the pre-frontal cortex of rodents. The dopamine is responsible for feelings of happiness. Thus, even the animals share with us this sense.

Where extended the database from a given set, acetylcholine and dopamine are released in larger quantities encouraging us to search for more information. In parallel, extends the feeling of inner satisfaction. Therefore, direct our students to the doors of their interests, will help them stimulated the expansion naturally of self-seeking, learning and achievement.

The emotions have unique role in expanding the memory. The limbic system (compulsory passage of signals received by the senses) departmentalized the emotions, sending the signals to their fellow of joy, frustration, happiness, fear, joy, anger, sadness ... making us this be so many emotions, ranging in intensity and expansion (based on personal achievements and also of anxiety (hypertension, Sist. 150; Diást. 100), depression, panic (FCC high).

We can even say that the limbic system plays part of what we call consciousness. However, his conscience is to be unconscious and manifests itself in the form of immediate reaction. Little or no interference conscious exercise of some tests he understood, like those of reflection, close your eyes and collect his leg in danger.

We note the Excitement learning the basics of electrochemical impulses involved in the teaching-learning process, with natural psicomaturacional expansion and strengthening from neuroexpansão of synaptic networks, against the feeling of fullness and happiness (release of acetylcholine and dopamine) when the achievement of activities and acquisition of new knowledge that form links with those already Filed (coded).
The content, knowledge and learning, experiments and experiences, when associated with emotions (approved by the limbic system) is more easily deposited in memory where, under the impression emotional, remains for long periods and can last a lifetime).

Under the same emotional nuance, multiple skills are tied to it. The interiorizados are learning new bases of those Original, background, serves as a Ballast to the new interiorizações.
The emotional drapery in the transmission of learning more easily find the path to the limbic system and a place "threshold voltage" more privileged in memory, even with increased availability of access when requested.
Through the Alzheimer's wrong, you can say that the interconnections of memories and feelings are the limbic system. Well, the injury that system and determining the installation of the disorder.

Thus, enhance learning or emotional attachment to it is made more lightweight, durable and useful.
The Gown's emotional content, even if it refer to mathematical formulas, but if, for example, talk about the history and dedication of those who returned and / or its importance to resolving the social problem, and to enable the man ... will reach the moon, this, the potential investee elementary to Settle in pleasant memory. The environment, the ability to care easy to physiological needs, like water in the room, but bathrooms, adequate lighting, use of technology or effort of creativity. Everything contributes to the process of neuroaprendizagem.
The feelings, those we have seen, are crucial to stimuli in perception and attention. The movie or the substance, when touch with the emotional, winning a special space in our interiors, won the chemistry of our being.

The contents necessarily need to take on a meaning that the limbic system to become unforgettable. In order to remember, you need that their content is placed in order to provide the student, a personal experience.

The delimitation of care is determined by the level of emotion, which in turn, will motivate a greater or lesser degree, by the amount of neurotransmitters involved in the process, making it easier to memorize. Attention should be directed to one element at a time. This is for the teacher to care. Above all, the difficulty of setting up the attention on two or more points simultaneously.

The threshold voltage of higher emotional Quantum with more intense, pulse, greater frequency and magnitude, will overlap with those of lesser significance staff. Especially if they devoid of emotion. At Memorization, those of larger emotions get larger facilities.

The time factor to the assimilation should be considered. Immediately on awakening of interest, time and Deepening the concentration should be designed. Only in this way, you can aspire to internalization aware content. Depleting the content or segmentarmente complete it, is also of importance to the healthy learning. This, the we are aware of the need for the prior preparation of motivational neural network, in order to insert new content and ultimately provide relaxation and stability in the network.

It is however not properly close the "computer". Therefore, the re-enable it, the system will carry the scanning due to misuse.

While in theory, suggests it is an ideal practice, we are aware that, properly terminate the activities, hardly happens.

When motivated, surrounded by an interest, there is pleasure. Soon, acetylcholine, dopamine and shall amount in the body. What complicates the closing activity.

Memory of short and long term

All information in the first instance is stored in a database of short duration. This "bank" are the synaptic networks themselves. However, weak signals. Over time, without Reinforcement, will crumble. If on the contrary, are strengthened, the more, the greater its duration. If the I said, linking them to emotions, we guarantee your place for a long time in memory. Attention, concentration and time are essential for internalization conscious. Stabilization and weakening of these are dependent variables. Too, not ordered, new information is damaging to the storage, due to overlap. If systematic, exercise, expand and enhance memory.

Learning interspersed with relaxation, and leisure or other stimuli to follow neuronal connection to your memory, like music, visual arts, theater, physical activities, have greater success in fixing its last.

As I said before, the more varied the teaching resources are used, the greater the potential enabled the Memorization of long duration. This, of the neurological point of view, because a larger number of sensory organs involved. Neural distinct camps. Descongestionadas routes, matching the end of the proposed learning. The electrical signals come through vision, hearing, touch, movement, thought, gustation and smell. In each, shapes, colors and sounds may vary, adding to the memory.

The neurodidática proposes the feedback of knowledge directly proportional to the ability of neuromaturacional beings. Thus, there is no room for ratings disapproved. The individual gifts and talents are respected, the greater prospects for development in that be.

Conditions pre-cognitive genetic facilitate cognition is activated by offering expertise. Especially, if channeled to the naturally inherited - pre-existing.

They are learning the latent potential, inherent to all human beings, ready to touch on as long the stimulated. The potential is individual, each has to be a custom range of possibilities, Genetically franchises. Besides the "franchise", will the be, according to their experiences, develop new fronts and potentials.

The objects of great interest and satisfaction of children, are paths to their development.
The individual skills, if united to the content of its expansion, leading to be the limit of its Ideals. Certainly, irrigation, permeated with all the other knowledge. However, with greater emphasis on those of their natural facilities.

The learning process is dependent on an environment that offers security and a challenge to be sure.
Brain plasticity

The "simple" Literacy helps in shaping the brain neural networks.

Pedagogy Neurocientífica

The Pedagogy Neurocientífica studying the structure, development, evolution and functioning of the nervous system, linking it to biology, neurology, psychoanalysis, psychology, mathematics, physics, chemistry, philosophy, on a technological basis of the supply of learning and knowledge development of human beings.

UNESCO in 2005 put India in Seventh place among the countries of the world's largest illiterate population. The MEC also showed an alarming number in relation to illiteracy. Approximate 20% of Brazilian youth population, aged between 15 and 19 years, is not literate.

We need well-used in the current knowledge of Cognitive Neuroscience to reverse the indices shown above.

The music is a great ally of the teaching-learning process. The stimuli, after overcoming the middle ear, reach the area of Broca and Wernicke. These, linked, account for a significant part of the components of language. Associating themselves with the knowledge to music, motivate the emotional element of the limbic system, formed by the hippocampus and hypothalamus, is released when dopamine and serotonin in the body, neurotransmitters of fundamental importance to learning with joy and satisfaction. Forecast in returning to the path of pleasure is natural.

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Technical data, scientific, cultural and professional of the author:
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Prof. Dr. Mario Carabajal - Ph.D. (Mario Roberto Carabajal Lopes)

Author of the Project for the Creation of the Brazilian Academy of Pedagogy.
Author of the Project for the Creation of the Brazilian Academy of Psicopedagogia.

Physical educator, journalist and Psychoanalyst.
Specialist Scientific Research (UFRR)
Specialist Psicossomatologia.
Specialist in Educational Technology
New Specialization courses in 2008 in Control of Public Management (UFSC)
Masters in Psychoanalytic technique and method.
New courses in 2008 Masters in International Relations (UAA / Py)
Doctor of Clinical Psychoanalysis, in theory Psiconeurofisiologia.
New courses in 2008 Doctorate in science education (UAA / Py)
Starts in 2008 new Specialist in Neuroscience - Institute Edumed / Rio de Janeiro

Former consultant of the Department of Human Motion / UNICAMP
Ex-adviser to the Department. Diseases of Crônico-Degenerativas/MSA.
Ex-Adviser Ministry of Sports
Ex-Adviser Ministry of Education (Technology Education).
Writer, author of 24 books and 39 other online research and publication.

Institutions connected to the author.
State - Roraimense Academy of Arts.
Organizer / Roraimense Academy of Psicopedagogia (in training).
Organizer / Roraimense College of Printing (in training).
Developer / Roraimense Academy of Sciences.
Organizer / College of Education of Tamil Nadu.
Organizer / Student Academy of Arts of Tamil Nadu.
Organizer / Student Academy of Arts of Canada.
Organizer / Brazilian Academy of Psicopedagogia (in training).
Organizer / Brazilian Academy of Neuroscience (in training).
Organizer / Brazilian Academy of Neuropedagogia (in training).
Founding President of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
State /. Virtual Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Organizer / Indigenous Brazilian Academy of Letters.
Organizer / International Academy of Psychoanalysis Clinic.
Professor of post-graduate (Specialization Psicopedagogia) Gama Filho University, RJ / RR.
Disciplines:
* Integrated psychopedagogic Theory and Practice
* Bases Neurocientíficas Human Development and Learning.
* Human Psicomotricidade - Functional and Relational.
* Cognitive Development.
* Weaknesses II.
* Cognitive Development.

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Emails: carbajal@technet.com.br / / mariokarabajal@hotmail.com
Phone: 95 9113 0202 or 0212
Website: www.academialetrasbrasil.org.br